Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
Act CLXXIX of 2011 on the Rights of Nationalities
One of the most important cornerstone laws of Hungary, which is separately stipulated in the Fundamental Law and adopted with the support of two thirds of the Members of Parliament,...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
In the early 1990s the protection of Union’s fundamental rights at Community or EU level came to the fore. In addition to the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
collective rights
Belonging to a nationality/an ethnic group is a fundamental right that applies to individuals and communities alike and must always be interpreted in conjunction with the principle of equal rights...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
cultural rights
cultural rights – together with economic and social rights – appeared in democratic constitutions in the first third of the twentieth century. A common feature of so-called second-generation rights is...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
cultural, religious and linguistic diversity
cultural, religious and linguistic diversity is one of the fundamental characteristics of developed societies. Its emergence is usually the result of complex demographic, economic and technological developments which bring about...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
Deputy Commissioner for the Rights of National Minorities (Deputy Ombudsman)
The Deputy Commissioner for the Rights of National Minorities living in Hungary is a public official institutionalised by the Fundamental Law and is a key control institution of the Parliament....Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
educational rights
The right to education is a fundamental right of major social interest, one of the most important areas of responsibility of modern democratic states and the basis of the institutional...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
equal rights
The right to equal treatment is an expression, as a subjective right, of the requirement of equality of rights, which applies to both natural and legal persons. Equality of rights...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
In the early 1990s, after the regime change, a number of factors in Europe contributed to the compilation of two international treaties on the protection of minorities within the framework...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI)
The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) is a monitoring body of the Council of Europe in operation since 1994, which aims to combat racism, racial and ethnic discrimination,...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities adopted by the Council of Europe in 1995 is a multilateral international treaty that specifically addresses the protection of minority rights....Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
freedom of identity, right to identity
According to the universal concept of law of the modern age the right to freedom of identity is a human right that a natural person has from birth, whether or...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
individual rights
Belonging to a national minority is a fundamental right that applies to individuals and communities alike, and must always be interpreted in conjunction with the principle of equal rights and...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
language rights
The right to use one’s mother tongue is a fundamental human right and as such a matter of priority for the state to regulate. The majority of modern countries are...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
minority media
In addition to the maintenance of educational and cultural institutions and the promotion of cultural works and events, minority media services are a key element of the cultural autonomy of...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
minority protection system between the two world wars
Before the First World War the protection of minorities was mainly provided by international treaties, especially peace treaties, guaranteeing religious freedom. The best known in this context is the Peace...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
monitoring procedure
By signing the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages the signatory states undertook to draw up a report every three years on the implementation of the Charter, which would...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
national minority self-government system in Hungary
The three-level – municipal, regional and national – representative forum of the nationalities living in Hungary declared in the Fundamental Law is the most important infrastructural guarantee of cultural autonomy...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
nationalities in Hungary
The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, amended in 1989 within a democratic framework and in force until the last day of 2011, declared for the first time in Hungarian...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
nationality advocate / spokesperson
According to the provisions of Act CIII of 2011 on the Election of Members of Parliament, since 2014 the nationality advocate / spokesperson, together with the nationality MP, is a...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
prejudice
A hostile or negative attitude towards a group based on stereotypes, i.e. generalisations derived from false or incomplete information. Based on Gordon W. Allport’s model (the Gordon’s Scale) there are...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
prohibition of discrimination
Modern constitutions as well as universal and regional international human rights conventions, including European ones, also protect equality of rights, which is typically violated by discrimination on some grounds, by...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
right to human dignity
Every human being has an unconditional and equal right to be treated with dignity and respect for his or her human quality and exceptional worth. This special legal status is...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet
segregation
Intentional or promoted separation of persons or groups on the basis of race, religion, belief, sex, sexual orientation or any other difference, whether perceived or real, without being permitted by...Author: Szalayné Sándor Erzsébet