47ers
The 47ers is the general name for those Hungarian emigrants who left the country before the introduction of state socialism. According to Gyula Borbándi’s detailed definition, most of them: “a) had played a role in the old public life, but refused to leave the country after the Second World War, and stayed at home with the intention of integrating; b) took part in the resistance against Hitler, then welcomed the end of German Nazism and the rule of the Arrow Cross Party in Hungary, and contributed to the start of the new order; c) were willing to accept a more humane and patient socialism.” Many of them left the country in 1947–49, before the establishment of the one-party socialist Hungarian People’s Republic, fearing later reprisals.