Extracting obligations diaspora policy
Extracting obligations diaspora policy is one of the main types of Alan Gamlen’s three-component typology of diaspora engagement policy. The other two types are the policy of capacity building and the policy of extending rights to the diaspora. Focusing on ~, this can be further divided into two subtypes. On the one hand, investment policies aim to capture remittances from the diaspora and channel them into productive investments. Some states offer incentives such as duty-free allowances or preferential interest rates to encourage remittances, while others implement matching fund programs that match diaspora remittances with government funds. Countries may also create special economic zones or establish investor relations offices to attract investments from expatriates, thereby strengthening strategic alliances and fostering economic growth. On the other hand, the lobby promotion diaspora policy seeks to mobilize the diaspora as lobbyists in their host state. This involves encouraging expatriates, whether influential or not, to promote the kin-state’s interests abroad, thereby gaining political and economic benefits. This strategy can help attract foreign investments and technology transfers, facilitating economic growth and development. Regarding Hungary’s diaspora policy, it has extensive and diverse practices in capacity building and extending rights. However, policies related to extracting obligations are notably absent.